重庆市巴蜀中学校2024-2025学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题

英语试卷

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。

3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where does the conversation take place?
2. In a hospital. B. In a shop. C. In a hotel.
3. How does the woman feel about Peter’s being late?
4. Annoyed. B. Concerned. C. Uncertain.
5. What is the man doing?
6. Buying a camera. B. Taking a picture. C. Trying on a hat.
7. What did the woman forget?
8. Her towel. B. Her sun cream. C. Her flat shoes.
9. What is the relationship between the speakers?
10. Teacher and student. B. Workmates. C. Husband and wife.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Why is the man taking evening classes?
7. To pass the time. B. To prepare for a new job. C. To qualify for his current job.
8. What is the most important part of the evening classes to the man?
9. The course itself. B. The teachers. C. The classmates.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What is the man’s problem?
9. He has a temperature.
10. He is struggling to save energy.
11. He is too cold to do his work.
12. Where are the speakers likely to be?
13. In an office. B. In the woman’s house. C. In a school.
14. What does the woman suggest?
15. Focusing on typing the report.
16. Taking better care of their health.
17. Discussing the issue with the boss.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. On which day did the boy finish his project?
12. November 12th. B. November 15th. C. December 17th.
13. Which paper will the boy probably write tonight?
14. The Wonders of Liquids. B. Brown Bear Populations. C.The War of 1812.
15. What is the main topic of the conversation?
16. Time management. B. The choice of subjects. C. Designing some projects.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. How long did Roger Federer’s professional career last?
15. 14 years. B. 17 years. C. 24 years.
16. What happened to Federer at the 2017 Australian Open?
17. He got a sudden knee injury.
18. He had a hard-fought victory.
19. He faced a series of losses.
20. Which of the following words best describes Federer?
21. Determined. B. Kind-hearted. C. Humorous.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What did the speaker enjoy as a young child?
18. Running. B. Climbing. C. Swimming.
19. What was the speaker doing when he injured himself?
20. The long jump. B. A handstand. C. A forward roll.
21. For how many weeks did the speaker have to give up exercising?
22. Four. B. Eight. C. Twelve.
23. How did the incident affect the speaker?
24. He developed a new hobby.
25. He began to read love stories.
26. He enjoyed physical challenges even more.

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Living on Earth: Forests, Corals, Consciousness, and the Making of the World

Peter Godfrey-Smith

★★★☆ 3.73^{59 ratings·20 reviews}

The bestselling author of Other Minds shows how we and our ancestors have reinvented our planet.

If the history of the Earth were compressed (压缩) down to a year, our species would arise in the last thirty minutes or so of the final hour. But life itself has existed on Earth for something like 3.7 billion years. What have these organisms — bacteria, animals, plants and the rest — done in all this time? In Living on Earth, Professor Peter Godfrey-Smith tells the long story of living action, and its impact. Ranging from the seas to the forests, and from animate matter’s first appearance to its future extinction, he offers a novel picture of the course of life on Earth and how we might meet the challenges of our time.

Ratings & Reviews

21. What category doesLiving on Earthfall into?
22. Biography and Life. B. Science and Nature.
23. Historical Fiction. D. Humor and Comedy.
24. 2 Who thought Living on Earthlacked fresh perspectives?
25. Troy Tradup. B. Ula Tardigrade. C. Elentarri. D. Mbuy.
26. What is the main purpose of the text?
27. To rate the historical accuracy of a book.
28. To showcase the selling points of a book.
29. To compare a book with similar literary works.
30. To present a book summary and reader feedback.

B

Stefan Holm was told he was too short to be a high jumper, but he won an Olympic gold medal after 15 years of persistence and hard work. Nadia Comaneci, however, had a very different path. From a young age, she displayed an extraordinary natural talent for gymnastics, performing routines with precision and grace that seemed effortless. Her talent carried her to Olympic fame, where she became the first gymnast in history to score a perfect 10.

Listen to Olympians talk, and you’ll mostly hear tales that echo the first story — tales of iron discipline, of overcoming initial setbacks. Here is Usain Bolt, on the secret of his victory: “Easy is not an option. No days off. Never quit.”

But the Olympics also reveal that talent matters too. Bolt is said to have been born with the ideal traits (特性) for a runner. Eero Mäntyranta, who won seven Olympic medals in cross-country skiing, had a genetic mutation (突变) that gave him extra red blood cells. Hard work is important, sure, but not everyone can work their way to the top.

Coaches and sports psychologists often translate gold medal glory into “life lessons” for the masses, promoting the idea that they can dream a life into being. But it is also, I think, a rather unhealthy principle on which to found a society.

For one thing, it leads us directly to a depressing hothouse culture. If hard work and achievement are joined by a straight line, why ever pause for a rest? You think of today’s exam-burdened schoolchildren, their leisure hours packed with improving activities, who increasingly complain of mental health issues.

For another, the idea rules out the chance a champion could emerge a little later in life, from a group that wasn’t obsessively coached from birth by resource-rich parents. This, too, is a lesson of the Olympics. Talent matters, and it can come from anywhere.

24. Who achieved greatness through effort rather than a natural talent?
25. Stefan Holm. B. Nadia Comaneci. C. Usain Bolt. D. Eero Mäntyranta.
26. What’s a problem with the idea that people can dream a life into being?
27. It causes cultural conflicts. B. It creates unnecessary pressure.
28. It overemphasizes the function of talent. D. It ignores the importance of early training.
29. How does the author interpret the road to becoming a champion?
30. It is never too late to pursue dreams.
31. People with talent are meant to succeed.
32. Success favors those who can handle stress.
33. Athletes without rich resources will suffer defeat.
34. What can be a suitable title for the text?
35. Effort Has a Role in Success. B. Don’t Put Your Faith in Talent.
36. Practice Doesn’t Always Make Perfect. D. Willpower Speaks Louder Than Hard Work.

C

Among the members of my social network, a handful bring out mixed emotions — both eagerness and fear. Interactions with them feel like a conversational game of Russian roulette (轮盘赌). In the right mood, these individuals can deliver a fun-filled evening, but if I catch them at the wrong moment, they can wipe out all my positive energy. There is simply no knowing what is to come. If this sounds familiar, then you too have frenemies.

Julianne Holt-Lunstad and her colleagues at Brigham Young University have designed a scale that identifies four categories of relationships. You can try it for yourself. Pick a couple of people within your social network and answer the following two questions on a scale of one (not at all) to six (very much). When you are feeling in need of advice, understanding or a favor, how helpful is your connection? Likewise, how upsetting is your connection?

People who score one on both questions are your indifferent relationships — a neighbor, perhaps, with neither good nor bad qualities. Those who score highly on the first question, while getting the lowest possible rating on the second, are your supportive and loyal social ties. Those with the lowest score on the first question and high marks on the second are aversive relationships. Finally, anyone with a score of two or more on both scales is considered an ambivalent connection — your frenemies. They may be incredibly generous when you have a problem yet can also strike back with a bitter put-down when they feel envious or threatened.

Research suggests that ambivalent, love-hate relationships are often more stressful than consistently negative ones, damaging mental and physical health. Cutting off contact may not always be possible, especially if the person is a boss or family member. So, what can be done?

Simply being aware of the ambivalent nature of a relationship might offer some protection. Personally, I use this insight to prepare myself emotionally, focus on the positives, and limit interactions when needed. It also leads me to reflect on my own actions — am I ever the frenemy? I am resolved to be a little more mindful of my interactions with all my ties.

28. Why does the author compare interactions with certain people to Russian roulette?
29. To suggest ways to handle these interactions.
30. To show how these people compete for attention.
31. To introduce a social game these people like to play.
32. To stress how unpredictable these interactions can be.
33. Which figure best illustrates the different types of relationships in our social network?

A B

C D

30. What does the author suggest readers do?
31. Avoid interacting with frenemies.
32. Caution against acting like a frenemy.
33. Encourage frenemies to act more positively.
34. Balance frenemies with supportive friendships.
35. What is the central message the author intends to convey through this text?
36. A friend in need is a friend indeed. B. Only true friends are worth keeping.
37. A healthy friendship needs give-and-take. D. Love-hate relationships are surprisingly bad.

D

The numerous bacteria that naturally inhabit the human body seem to help us in many ways. One group is emerging as particularly beneficial: a type of gut (肠道) bacteria known as Blautia, which has made headlines recently because it seems to exert some really remarkable effects. Now, a Chinese team is glimpsing another potential benefit of Blautia: helping people adapt to high altitudes. Their findings suggest that providing Blautia could help mountaineers and others perform better in these challenging environments.

Qing-Peng Kong, a geneticist at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and his team recruited 45 men to move from their homes at 250 meters above sea level to a town at about 3,700 meters. Despite the thin air, the men ate similar food as they had at home, minimizing the effects of diet changes on their gut bacteria. After 2 days, Blautia went from being rare to very abundant in their guts.

The team then subjected mice to controlled low-oxygen conditions in the lab, simulating (模拟) an altitude of 4,000 meters, while giving Blautia to half of them every other day. The Blautia-treated mice showed milder symptoms of altitude sickness. This opens the door into whether altitude sickness might be amenable to treatment through the gut.

The bacteria’s effect may also extend to the brain. “Its superpower comes from the connection between the gut and the brain,” says Klepac-Cerak at Wellesley College. The fatty acids it makes are known to activate receptors on nerves that connect the digestive system, heart and brain. This could help explain a surprising correlation that Klepac-Cerak reported last year: Kids are more likely to talk and laugh when they have more Blautia in their guts. “There’s lots of communication happening between our bacteria and our brain; we are just beginning to uncover what services bacteria do for us,” Klepac-Cerak notes.

Blautia’s apparent superpowers suggest to Kong it could serve as a supplement (补充) that benefits people regardless of whether they are planning a trip to Tibet. But first, Kong says, he wants to find out whether Blautia is a “solo” player or exerts these protective effects only as part of a larger group of bacteria.

32. What’s the significance of the study led by a Chinese team?
33. It provides a practical payoff. B. It reaches a conclusive finding.
34. It caused a social media sensation. D. It introduces a pioneering technology.
35. What do we know about the subjects in both experiments?
36. They received Blautiain their diet. B. They moved to high-altitude regions.
37. They suffered severe altitude sickness. D. They experienced low-oxygen conditions.
38. What does the underlined word“amenable” in Paragraph 3 mean?
39. Resistant. B. Incurable. C. Responsive. D. Insensitive.
40. How would both Kong and Klepac-Cerak describe Blautia’srole in human health?
41. A double-edged sword. B. A solo player.
42. A partially-understood influence. D. A cost-effective solution.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Write the Perfect CV

A CV (简历) is not a list of every job you ever had.    36    Your audience is made up of recruiters and hiring managers, who spend an average of 7.4 seconds skimming a job application. Here are a few tips on how best to ensure that these seconds count.

   37    If you are thinking of adding a watermark with your initials, think again; you are trying too hard. Use a clean, simple format and avoid fancy fonts (字体) (Arial or Helvetica is fine; Century Gothic is not).

Do not hammer your CV out in an hour — take your time to polish it.    38    Anyone’s CV can fit on a page, even if you have held residencies in the world’s eight top hospitals. Forget the personal statement — no one has time for that.

Reasonable gaps in a CV are not cause for concern. Life happens and sometimes people take time off; you do not have to explain that you spent three months between jobs hiking around Machu Picchu to clear your head and recharge your batteries.    39    So might constant job-switching, which is as much of a red flag to recruiters.

David Wallace, an American novelist, used the metaphor of fish unaware of the element surrounding them in order to point to the dangers of being self-centred. Your life, he implied, should illustrate an acute awareness of the outside world.    40    Drafting a presentation of your skills and achievements will inevitably reflect your self-focus. So as you launch yourself into the job market, always be aware of your context: “This is water… this is water.”

1. So should your CV.
2. It is a marketing tool.
3. The CV’s number-one task is not to put the reader off.
4. Actually, an inclusive CV makes a deeper impression.
5. A ten-year gap from the workforce may be another matter.
6. Make sure what you are left with captures the essence of you.
7. Otherwise, it might appear as if you are holding something back.