11A 高二上 必修5单词拼写+语法填空 译林必修1 U1U2U3U4U5U6U8学生版

11A 高二上 必修5单词拼写+语法填空 译林必修1 U1U2U3U4U5U6U8学生版

高二英语 高中英语5必修第二册(已完成)

Unit1The mass media

单词critical

【用法详解】

adj.批评的，批判性的；极重要的，关键的；严重的。常见搭配：

be critical of…对…挑剔

be critical to sth.对…很重要

①Be a critical news reader !                               做一个批判性的新闻读者！

②She viewed the finding with a critical eye .           她以批判的眼光看待这些研究结果。

③Tom’s parents were highly critical of the school.     汤姆的父母对学校提出了强烈的批评。

④Your decision is critical to our future.                  你的决定对我们的将来至关重要。

【归纳拓展】

(1)critic n.评论家，批评家；挑剔的人，批评者

(2)critically ado.批判性地；批评性地；严重地，危急地

(3)criticism n.批评，评论

(4)criticize vt.批判，批评，指责；评论。常见搭配：

criticize A for B   因B 指责A,因B 苛求A

1. (24-25高二上江苏常州·阶段练习)Changes that took place during the               (关键的) period at the end of the war were of great significance. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
2. (23-24高二上江苏苏州·期末)In today’s world, it’s more important than ever to be a                 (批判性的) news reader and to fact-check everything. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
3. (21-22高二上江苏·单元测试)The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a _________________ (危急的) condition. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
4. (2021秋江苏连云港·高二赣榆一中校考阶段练习)A woman was killed and another was______________ (critic) injured. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5. (2021秋江苏·高二锡东高中校考阶段练习)Since reports on the same event usually contain different information, we need to read them ______________(critical) in case we make wrong judgements. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6. (23-24高二下江苏无锡·期中)There was              (critic)of the government’s not taking the financial problem seriously from the residents. (所给词的适当形式填空)
7. (2022春福建厦门·高二厦门双十中学校考期中)His latest movie has won high praise from every single_______________ (criticize). (所给词的适当形式填空)

 

单词trap

【用法详解】

(1)vt.使陷入困境：使陷入圈套，使中计，使上当：诱骗。常见搭配：

be trapped in 困在…中，陷人…中

trap sb.into doing sth.诱骗某人做某事

①Two boys were trapped in the burning building.            两个男孩被困在燃烧着的楼房里。

②The fire left people on the upper floors trapped  .           大火把高楼层的人们困在里面。

③He felt he had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract.

他觉得自己是中了圈套才接受这合同条款的。

(2)n.陷阱；圈套；困境。常见搭配：

④set a trap to do sth.        设圈套做某事

 set a trap to catch the thief  设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套

⑤lay/set a trap for          为…设下圈套

⑥be caught in a trap         落人陷阱

⑦fall/ walk into a trap       落入圈套

【归纳拓展】

表示“被困在…中”的搭配还有：

get/be stuck/caught in

8. (24-25高二上江苏南通·阶段练习)It is not known how many people remain           (trap) in places where fighting continues today. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9. (24-25高二上江苏无锡·阶段练习)The miners            (trap) underground for days before rescuers finally reached them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10. (24-25高二上江苏无锡·阶段练习)At last, people (trap) in the collapsed building were rescued. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11. (24-25高二上江苏无锡·期中)The hiker found himself              (trap) in the forest, desperately searching for a way out. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12. (23-24高二上江苏泰州·阶段练习)T          inside the burning car, both men were terrified, screaming for help.(根据首字母单词拼写)
13. (24-25高二上江苏苏州·期中)The bomb exploded during the night, t           lots of people in the building. (根据首字母单词拼写)

 

单词release

【用法详解】

(1)vt.公布，发布；释放；放开，松开；使自由移动(或飞期、降落等)；发泄；发行，上映。常见搭配：

release sb./sth.from…从…释放/放出某人/某物；免除某人/某物…

①Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5,according to figures released by emergency services .

根据应急服务机构公布的数据,人们越来越担心死亡人数可能会达到5人。

②He released the bird from its cage.                                  他将鸟从笼中释放出来。

③She burst into tears,releasing all her pent-up emotions . 她放声大哭，发泄出全部郁积起来的情感。

④release a movie/book/CD                                            发行电影/书/激光唱片

(2)n.释放；发行；排放，泄漏。常见搭配：

the release of sb.释放某人

release from sth.从…中获释

⑤The new software is planned for release in April .                      新软件计划四月份发行。

⑥ the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere                    二氧化碳向大气层的排放

14. (23-24高二上江苏泰州·阶段练习)The decision of              (排放) the nuclear-contaminated water into the ocean has sparker international concern and protests. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
15. (22-23高二上江苏·开学考试)           (释放) the nuclear waste water into the sea is extremely dangerous, which affects both humans and animals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
16. (23-24高二上江苏南通·期中)She burst into tears, r           (释放) all her pent-up (堆积的) emotions.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
17. (江苏省海安市实验中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中)Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5 according to the figures________________ (发布) by emergency agencies.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
18. (23-24高二上江苏无锡·阶段练习)The film Wolf Warriordirected by Wu Jing,               (release) in 2015, turned out to be a great hit. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
19. (24-25高二上江苏南通·阶段练习)New version of Paris Climate Agreement r            , the whole world has seen a promising future of lower planet-warming greenhouse gas missions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
20. (24-25高二上江苏南通·开学考试)She erupted into tears,              (发泄；释放) all her pent-up emotions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
21. (24-25高二上江苏无锡·阶段练习)A highly anticipated video game based on ancient Chinese literature classic           (release) worldwide on last Tuesday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
22. (22-23高二上江苏苏州·期中)They are about to                (发行) an album of their greatest hits. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

 

单词ambulance /ˈæmbjələns/

①the ambulance service  救护车服务

②ambulance staff   救护车全体人员

③Call an ambulance!     叫救护车！

23. (22-23高二上江苏苏州·期中)When you see several police cars, fire engines and a_____________parked in the street, something must have happened nearby. (根据首字母单词拼写)
24. (23-24高二上江苏泰州·期中)The two women used some blankets to cover the injured, while the others were waiting for the               (救护车) to arrive. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

 

单词extend

【用法详解】

(1)vt.使伸长，扩大，扩建，扩展；延长，使延期；扩大…的范围(或影响)；伸展，舒展，展开(尤指手臂或腿)；提供，给予。常见搭配：

①There are plans to extend the no-smoking area .          现已有扩大/扩建无烟区的计划。

②The show has been extended for another six weeks  .             展览会又延长了六周。

③The school is extending the range of subjects taught  .    学校正在拓宽授课学科的范围。

extend sb.sth.=extend sth.to sb.给予/提供某人某物

extend a warm welcome to sb.     热烈欢迎某人

④He extended his hand to the new employee.                  他伸出手来与新雇员握手。

⑤The bank refused to extend credit to them .                   银行拒绝向他们提供信贷。

(2)vi.涉及(范围)；延伸(距离)；延续(时间)

⑥By this time,the fire had extended to the 15th floor  .      截至此时,火势已蔓延到16楼。

⑦This road extends to the port .                               这条路一直延伸到港口。

extensive广泛的adj.

extendable adj.可延长的；可延伸的；可延期的

extended adj.延长了的；扩展了的(只能做定语)

extension n.扩大，延伸；延期；延长(或扩大)的事物

25. (2022秋福建厦门·高三厦门外国语学校校考阶段练习)The report proposes_______________(extend)motorways. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26. (2022秋江苏常州·高二常州市第二中学校考阶段练习)The rumors in the air are said to _____________ (extend) to neighboring areas so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27. (23-24高二上江苏南通·阶段练习)By this time, the fire                 (扩大，延伸) to the 15th floor and the firefighters got the situation under control around 11 p. m. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
28. (23-24高二上江苏无锡·期中)In the past one hour, the fire               (extend) almost to the top floor, with residents crowding into roof exit.(所给词的适当形式填空)
29. (23-24高二上江苏泰州·阶段练习)Staff and students e             a warm welcome to visiting parents the other day. (根据首字母提示拼写单词)
30. (22-23高二上江苏扬州·期中)          (extend) to the 15^th floor by this time, the fire left people on the upper floors trapped. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
31. (22-23高二上江苏淮安·期中)The earthquake which took place last week caused   ____      (extend) damage to the locals. (所给词的适当形式填空)

 

单词construction n.

(1)[U]建筑；建造；施工

①the construction industry                                              建筑业

②Our new offices are still under construction(= being built) .我们的新办公楼尚在修建中。

③the construction of a new database                              新数据库的建立

(2)(理念、观点和知识的)创造，创立，建立

④the construction of a new theory                                  新理论的创立

(3)[C] ( formal ) 建造物；构筑物；制成物

⑤a simple wooden construction                            一座简单的木结构建筑

 

单词construct /kənˈstrʌkt/

(1)[often passive] vt建筑；修建；建造

①When was the bridge constructed?   那座桥是何时修建的？

②construct a shelter out of branches     用树枝搭了个窝棚

(2)vt组成；创建

SYN put together

③construct a logical argument确立合乎逻辑的论点

④construct a theory               创立一种理论

⑤a well-constructed novel        构思巧妙的小说

32. (21-22高二上江苏·单元测试)There is concern that the               (建筑；建造) company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
33. (2023高二上江苏苏州·学业考试)The railway under             (建设) now is designed to connect all the poor villages to big cities. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
34. (江苏省无锡市立人高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期第一次阶段考)The new airport            (construct) lies in the east of the city. (所给词的适当形式填空)
35. (21-22高二上江苏南通·期末)C            in the early 13th century, the fairy tale castle attracted lots of engineers but the project was not completed until the 14th century. (根据首字母单词拼写)

 

单词break out

 

单词the number of

易混辨析：a number of 与the number of

易混词组	区别
a number of	意为“若干；许多”，其后接可数名词复数。做主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式
the number of	意为“…的数量”，其后接可数名词复数或具有复数意义的名词。做主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式

语境串记 The number of the pages in this book is four hundred,but a number of pages are torn off.

       这本书的页码是400，可是许多页都被撕了。

 

单词dozen

【用法详解】

n.(一)打，十二个；十来个，十几个。常见搭配：

by the dozen 以打地

in dozens一打一打地(在句中做状语)

①These pencils are $3 a dozen .      这些铅笔3美元一打。

②I bought three dozen eggs yesterday. 昨天我买了3打鸡蛋。

③Eggs are sold by the dozen  .            鸡蛋按打出售。

④Please pack eggs in dozens  .把鸡蛋一打一打地包装起来。

 

单词dozens of

【用法详解】

dozens of 许多，很多；数十个

dozens of people 许许多多的人

⑤We have dozens of things to do now.    我们现在有很多事要做。

⑥I have been there dozens of times .      我到过那里很多次。

⑦The fire has also left dozens of people injured,5 of whom are in a critical condition.

大火还造成数十人受伤，其中5人病情危急。

【归纳拓展】

scores of许多

hundreds of 成百上千的/thousands of数以千计的/millions of数百万的

【注意】

dozen 表示“一打(12个)”,dozens(复数)表示“许多”。

a dozen red roses   一打红玫瑰(12朵)

half a dozen eggs      半打鸡蛋(6个)

【特别提醒】

①dozen与具体数字连用时,既不加复数词尾-s,也不接介词of。

②当dozena 与few,several等不与具体数字连用,而是表示不确定的泛指时,不仅要加复数词尾s,而且要接介词of,构成dozens of,意为“许多”。且dozen前有数词或a few,several修饰时，均用单数形式。

③当dozen后面的名词被the,these,those等特指限定词修饰时,或其后接的是us,them这样的人称代词时,必须用介词of。

 

单词minor

minor adj.较少的；较小的，次要的 vi.辅修(+in)n.[C]辅修课程

【用法详解】

(1)adj.轻微的，次要的

①I can put up with minor inconveniences  .                            我能忍受些小的不便。

②Small children often cry after a minor bump  .            小孩子们在轻微的碰撞后常常会哭。

③Lisa Mayer,29,is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries  .

29岁的莉萨·迈耶是幸运的受害者之一，她只受了轻伤。

单词minority

【用法详解】

(1)n.少数；少数派；少数人；未成年。 adj.少数的；属于少数派的。常见搭配：

be in a/the minority 占少数；成为少数派

be in a minority of one是孤家寡人,得不到任何人的支持；是唯一投此票者；是唯一持不同意见者

a/the minority of 少数的…

①Why should we abandon the examination because of the objection from  a small minority of students  ?

我们难道由于有小股少数学生的反对而放弃考试吗?

② A small minority voted against the motion.                              投票反对该提议的人占少数。

③This has helped increase the numbers of lower income and  minority students  .

这已经帮助增加了低收入和未成年学生的数量。

注意1：通常a/the minority of后面接可数名词的复数或者集合名词，也可以接不可数名词。

若“the minority of+复数名词/集合名词”做主语，其谓语动词要用复数。

若“the minority of+不可数名词“做主语，其谓语动词通常用单数。

④ The minority of our class have read the book.          我们班少数学生读过这本书。

⑤ The minority of the damage is difficult to repair.      这次损坏的一小部分很难修复。

⑥ The minority of the work has been finished.         只完成了这项工作的一小部分。

⑦ Aminority of workers take part in the activity.           少数工人参加了这个活动。

注意2：minority意为“少数,少数派,少数人”,the minority单独做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数和复数都可以。

若其后的表语是复数，则谓语通常也要用复数形式。

⑧ The minority were/was against the plan.                     少数人反对这个计划。

(2)n.少数民族；少数群体。常见搭配；

⑨the rights of ethnic/racial minorities少数民族/族商的权利

⑩minority languages                    少数民族语言

11. the minority groups                 少数民族族群

12.The school is 95 per cent minority .这所学校里95%的学生来自少数民族。

36. (21-22高二上江苏·单元测试)Lisa Mayer,29,is among the lucky ones who only suffered_______________ (轻微的) injuries (受轻伤). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
37. (23-24高二上江苏镇江·阶段练习)Hers was a              (次要的) part, but she played it with great enthusiasm. (根据汉语提示拼写单词)
38. (20-21高二上江苏南通·期末)We offer you the chance to visit different              (少数民族) cultures and experience for yourself their traditions, customs and way of life.
39. (23-24高二上江苏镇江·期中)China’s ethnic m              make up less than 7 percent of its total population. (根据首字母单词拼写)
40. (23-24高二上江苏苏州·期末)To his disappointment, only a                (少数) of his employees supported the new plan. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)