八下英语各单元知识点精华总结

八年级英语下册课文要点整理

Unit1 What’s the matter？

一、重点短语

1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在…上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着…走 22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’s surprise 使… 惊讶的

28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于 29. in time 及时 30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. Put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that 如此… …以至于… 48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在困境中 50. keep on doing sth. 继续/坚持做事 51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃

二、重点句型

1. What’ s the matter with you?

What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you?= What’ s wrong？

2. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？

Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？

主语+ should/shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..

①You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。

② You shouldn’t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。

3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?你认为它是来自报还是书呢？
4. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.

我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。

5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.

 

 

Section A

1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？

【解析】matter/ ‘ mætə(r)) /n.问题；事情

What’ s the matter with you?

= What’s the trouble with you?

= What’ s wrong with you?     你怎么了？

【注】： matter 和trouble 为名词, 其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj.不能加the

【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，    与介词with连用。即：

 What’s the matter with sb.?= What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?

eg:— What’s the matter with you ?

— I have a bad cold.

【拓展】matter的用法

(1) It doesn’t matter 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语）

(2) as a matter of fact= in fact  事实上, 实际上

2. I have a cold 我感冒了

I have a stomachache 我患胃痛

I have a sore back. 我背痛。

【解析1】have a cold 受凉;感冒

  have a/an + 疾病名词  “患……病” (cold/fever/cough)

have a sore throat 患喉咙痛     have a sore back  患背痛

have a fever 发烧             have a cold =catch a cold  患感冒

have a stomachache 患胃痛     have a toothache患牙痛

have a headache 患头痛        have a backache患背痛

【解析2】back n 背；背部    at the back of……在……的后面

    go/come back 返回     give back 归还

3. hand  n. 手 hand in hand 手拉手
4. 交给；传递   hand in 上交    hand on 依次传递    hand out 分发
5. She talkedtoo muchyesterday and didn’t drink enough water.

她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。

【解析1】too much/too many/much too

短语	含义	用法	例句
too much	太多	后接不可数名词	There is too much rain these days
		修饰动词，放在动词之后	Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
too many	太多	后接可数名词复数	There are too many  things for me to do every day.
much too	太	修饰形容词或副词	It’s much too cold  in winter.

【解析2】enough 的用法

  (1) adj.足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后 enough time

  (2) adv. “足够地， 十分，相当”

     修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv 后 expensive enough

  (3) be +adj. +enough to do sth  be strong enough to carry the box.

5. drink some hot tea with honey.喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。

【解析】with ：⑴prep “具有， 带有” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。

She is a girl with long hair.        with （反） without

6. see a dentist and get an x- ray. 看牙医并且拍张x光。

【解析1】see a dentist = go to a dentist看牙医

          see a doctor = go to a doctor 看医生

【解析2】X-ray/’eks rei/n. X 射线；X 光

【经典考题】You are ill. You had better _______ the doctor right now.

1. look at     B. see     C. watch
2. What shouldshe do?她该怎么办呢？

Should I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？

【解析1】should “应该”  情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务

       should not =shouldn’t 不应该

      主语+ should/ shouldn’t + 动词原形. ..

【解析2】take one’s temperature 量体温

8. No, it doesn’t sound like you have a fever. 不需要， 听起来你不像发烧了。

【解析1】sound like 听起来像， 后接名词或名词性短语作表语。

eg:It sounds like a good idea.

【拓展】 “感官动词+ like

feel like 摸起来像      smell like 闻起来像  

look like 看起来像     taste like 尝起来像

【解析2】fever/ ‘fi:vɜ:(r)/n.发烧  have a fever 发烧

9. You need to takebreak away from the computer.你需要远离电脑，休息休息。

【解析】need v 需要       

◆用于肯定句是实义动词

   (1)  need sth 需要某物 I need your help.

   (2) 人做主语，sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事

eg:Do you need to drink more water?

   (3) 物做主语，sth need doing sth = sth need to be done

eg:My TV set needs repairing.

◆用于否定句是情态动词

   needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要

   must引导的疑问句, 回答用need

【经典考题】(   ) ①— Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao?

— No, you ______ .You may give it to me tomorrow.

1. needn’t  B. mustn’t   C. can’t   D. may not
2. I think I sat in the same way for too longwithout moving.

我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。

【解析】without doing sth.

10.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor.

如果你的头和脖子明天还疼的话， 就去看医生。

【解析1】neck  /nek/  n.颈；脖子neck and neck 不分上下，势均力敌

【解析2】hurt  v. (hurt ) (使痛 ；受伤)

        表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。

My leg hurts.

11. At 9:00 a.m . yesterday, bus No. 26 was goingalongZhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.

昨天上午9:00 , 26路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。

【解析1】along/ down

 相同点： prep “顺着；沿着”

 不同点：along 强调顺着水平方向

 down 指“沿着……下坡或者往南走”

【典型例题】 My father has habit(习惯) of jogging ____ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the morning . (jog—jogging 慢跑，轻推)

1. between     B. along     C. over

【解析2】see （saw , seen） v 看见

 see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事 （看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）

 see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 （强调动作正在发生）

【解析3】lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ )躺 ；平躺

 lie → lay → lain  v 躺下，(现在分词lying ).

 lie down 躺下  lie down and rest 躺下休息

12.The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking                       twice.

公共汽车司机，24岁的王平，毫不犹豫的停下了车。

【解析】24-year-old   24岁的

“数词+名词+形容词”构成复合形容词，在句中作定语，用连字符后连接，名     词用单数。

【经典考题】(    )① Tom,____ boy, is the only child of the family.

1. a five years old     B. a five-year-old      C. a five-year-olds

②She is a _____ girl with two big eyes.

1. Six-years- old    B. six-year-old    C. Six years old
2. Hegot offand asked the woman what happened.

他下车问那名妇女发生了什么事。

【解析】get off 下车    (反)get on 上车

【经典考题】 Don’t forget to take your bag when you ___ the bus.

1. get off    B. take off    C. turn off    D. put off

【拓展】与get相关的短语：

  get up起床       get back回来；取回   get over克服；度过

  get on / along well/ with与……相处融洽   get in a word插话 get to到达

【经典考题】 —So many problems! I’m tired.

—You should try to        them by yourself. You are not a child any longer.

1. get into B. get off       C. get on D.get over

【经典考题】27. If Ted can _______ his difficulties, he’ll make great progress.

1. come over    B. get over        C. get off       D. come out
2. Butto his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.

但令他吃惊的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。

【解析】surprise  [sə’praɪz]

⑴v 使吃惊→surprising adj. 令人吃惊的

surprised adj. 吃惊的(以-ed结尾的修饰人, 以-ing结尾的修饰物。)

surprise sb 使某人吃惊 The bad news surprised me.

be surprised at 对……感到吃惊

be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶

be surprised + that从句 因…而惊讶

Surprise  ⑵ n 惊讶

 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 ; in surprise 吃惊地

①__________________(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.

各单元知识点精华总结